Declining Trend in Cumin Acreage in Gujarat

Cumin is an important Rabi crop mostly grown in Gujarat and Rajasthan. Generally, sowing period of this spice is Oct-Nov and as maturity varies between 110-125 days depending on the variety, harvesting starts from February and extend till March. Cumin crop is highly weather sensitive. The quality and quantity gets affected if rain occurs during harvesting period (Feb-Mar). Moderate temperature of 25 to 30oC is considered most favourable for the crop.

Gujarat is the top Cumin (Jeera) producing state. During 2014-15, about 2.67 lakh ha was under Cumin cultivation in Gujarat which is a sharp decline of about 40 percent to 2013-14 acreage of about 4.55 lakh ha. This declining trend seems to continue this year also as only 63 thousand ha area has been sown till 23rd November. The decline is reportedly attributed to depressed prices during last year. In this report, we have tried to collate information of Cumin sowing in some districts of Gujarat.

In Banaskantha, farmers have commenced Cumin sowing from first week of November. Most popular varieties are like GC-1. Presently, cumin has been sown in about 32 thousand ha area which is about 46 percent of about 68.5 thousand ha area during 2014-15. The district has received excessive rainfall of 823.5 mm during SW monsoon this year.  Day temperature is ranging around 29oC in the district while night temperature is around 16oC. No rainfall is expected during next seven days.

In Surendernagar, Cumin sowing has started from first week of November. Varieties like GC-4 and GC-1 are popular among farmers. Till 23rd November, cumin has been sown in about 12 thousand ha which is about 16 percent of 73.3 thousand ha during 2014-15. The district has received 25 percent deficient rainfall during SW monsoon this year. Presently, maximum temperature is around 30oC which is expected to cool down a few degrees by fourth week of December. Night temperature is around 17oC. No rainfall is expected during next seven days.

In Ahmedabad, farmers have started Cumin sowing from first week of November. Most preferred varieties are GC-1 and GC-4. In the district, about 3800 ha area has been covered under Cumin sowing till 23rd November which is about 16 percent of 23.6 thousand ha area during 2014-15.  The district has received about 400 mm rainfall during recent SW monsoon which is deficient by 34 percent. Presently, day temperature is ranging around 32oC and night temperature is around 16 percent. A few degree drop in temperature is expected by fourth week of December.

In Junagarh, cumin sowing has started from first week of November. Farmers are preferring varieties like GC-1 and GC-4. About 700 ha area has been sown with Cumin till 23rd November which is only about 6 percent of 11.7 thousand ha during 2014-15. The district has received 598.9 mm rainfall during SW monsoon which is deficient by 24 percent. Presently, temperature is around 32oC which is expected to drop a few degrees by fourth week of December.  During next seven days, no rainfall is expected.

For a comprehensive overview on major crops and their districts, please visit our website www.weatherindia.net

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